A new report from Island Health shows life expectancy has decreased in recent years, largely driven by illicit drug use. The 2025 Population Health Status Report notes illicit drugs are the leading cause of death for residents between the ages of 19 and 59.
“Substance use continues to be elevated in the Island Health region, leading to avoidable harms like injury, illness and death,” said Island Health’s chief medical officer Dr. Réka Gustafson. “We must continue investing in upstream prevention, develop a comprehensive system of care and address the root causes of health inequities. By equipping communities with evidence to shape policy and promoting healthier public attitudes and policies around substance use, we can begin to shift the culture.”
The report notes alcohol is a concern among Island Health residents and it is the second leading cause of substance related potential years of life lost. It is the leading cause of substance use related hospital admissions and the report notes more Island Health residents reported regular alcohol consumption than the provincial average.
The report has positive highlights, including a 41 per cent drop in child and youth poverty between 2016 and 2021, decreased substance use and self-harm among youth and childhood immunization rates exceeding the provincial average.
“This report shows that progress is possible and already happening,” said Gustafson. “From decreasing child poverty rates to improved youth mental health, we’re seeing positive shifts that reflect the strength and resilience of our communities.”
Island Health also highlights ongoing mental health challenges among youth, including a decline in their sense of community since 2018.
Gustafson says health promotion and prevention activities are needed to improve youth’s mental health.
“To make a real difference, we must intervene early, work collaboratively across sectors, and focus on the social conditions that shape health,” she said. “These are not just health system issues — they are community-wide challenges.”
